Mafunzo ya Frida

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Usakinishaji

Sakinisha frida tools:

pip install frida-tools
pip install frida

Pakua na sakinisha kwenye Android frida server (Download the latest release).
Mstari mmoja wa amri ili kuanzisha tena adb katika root mode, kuungana nayo, kupakia frida-server, kutoa ruhusa za exec na kuiendesha kwenye background:

adb root; adb connect localhost:6000; sleep 1; adb push frida-server /data/local/tmp/; adb shell "chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/frida-server"; adb shell "/data/local/tmp/frida-server &"

Angalia ikiwa inafanya kazi:

frida-ps -U #List packages and processes
frida-ps -U | grep -i <part_of_the_package_name> #Get all the package name

frida-ui (mdhibiti wa Frida kupitia kivinjari)

frida-ui inatoa kiolesura cha wavuti kwenye http://127.0.0.1:8000 kwa kuorodhesha vifaa/apps na kuunganishia au kuzindua malengo kwa scripts (hakuna CLI inahitajika).

• Sakinisha (weka frida kwa toleo la device server):

uv tool install frida-ui --with frida==16.7.19
# pipx install frida-ui
# pip install frida-ui

• Endesha:

frida-ui
frida-ui --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8000 --reload

• Vipengele: hugundua vifaa vya USB/lokali, ongeza seva za mbali (192.168.1.x:27042), na ina msaada wa Attach, Spawn, na Spawn & Run (kuweka hook kabla ya mantiki ya mwanzo ya onCreate()).
• Uandishi wa scripti: mhariri, buruta & drop .js, ingiza CodeShare, pakua scripti na logi za vikao.
• Seva za mbali: ./frida-server -l 0.0.0.0:27042 -D inaifungua kwenye mtandao ili frida-ui iweze kuungana bila ADB.

Frida server vs. Gadget (root vs. no-root)

Njia mbili za kawaida za ku-instrument programu za Android kwa kutumia Frida:

• Frida server (rooted devices): Sukuma na endesha daemon asilia inakuwezesha ku-attach kwa mchakato wowote.
• Frida Gadget (no root): Bundle Frida as a shared library inside the APK and auto-load it within the target process.

Frida server (rooted)

# Download the matching frida-server binary for your device's arch
# https://github.com/frida/frida/releases
adb root
adb push frida-server-<ver>-android-<arch> /data/local/tmp/frida-server
adb shell chmod 755 /data/local/tmp/frida-server
adb shell /data/local/tmp/frida-server &    # run at boot via init/magisk if desired

# From host, list processes and attach
frida-ps -Uai
frida -U -n com.example.app

Frida Gadget (no-root)

1. Fungua APK, ongeza gadget .so na config:

• Weka libfrida-gadget.so ndani ya lib/<abi>/ (kwa mfano, lib/arm64-v8a/)
• Unda assets/frida-gadget.config na mipangilio ya upakiaji ya script yako

Mfano wa frida-gadget.config

{
"interaction": { "type": "script", "path": "/sdcard/ssl-bypass.js" },
"runtime": { "logFile": "/sdcard/frida-gadget.log" }
}

2. Rejelea/pakia gadget ili ianzishwe mapema:

• Rahisi zaidi: Ongeza stub ndogo ya Java kwa System.loadLibrary(“frida-gadget”) katika Application.onCreate(), au tumia kupakia maktaba native zinazokuwepo.

3. Pakia upya na sainia APK, kisha weka:

apktool d app.apk -o app_m
# ... add gadget .so and config ...
apktool b app_m -o app_gadget.apk
uber-apk-signer -a app_gadget.apk -o out_signed
adb install -r out_signed/app_gadget-aligned-debugSigned.apk

4. Unganisha kutoka host hadi mchakato wa gadget:

frida-ps -Uai
frida -U -n com.example.app

Vidokezo

• Gadget inatambuliwa na baadhi ya kinga; hifadhi majina/paths kwa utulivu na uiload mwishowe/kwa masharti ikiwa inahitajika.
• Kwa apps zilizoimarishwa, pendelea rooted testing ukiwa na server + late attach, au changanya na kujificha kwa Magisk/Zygisk.

JDWP-based Frida injection without root/repackaging (frida-jdwp-loader)

Ikiwa APK ni debuggable (android:debuggable=“true”), unaweza ku-attach kupitia JDWP na ku-inject native library kwenye Java breakpoint. Hakuna root na hakuna APK repackaging.

• Repo: https://github.com/frankheat/frida-jdwp-loader
• Mahitaji: ADB, Python 3, USB/Wireless debugging. App lazima iwe debuggable (emulator with ro.debuggable=1, rooted device with resetprop, or rebuild manifest).

Anza haraka:

git clone https://github.com/frankheat/frida-jdwp-loader.git
cd frida-jdwp-loader
# Inject frida-gadget.so into a debuggable target
python frida-jdwp-loader.py frida -n com.example.myapplication
# Keep the breakpoint thread suspended for early hooks
python frida-jdwp-loader.py frida -n com.example.myapplication -s
# Networkless: run a local agent script via Gadget "script" mode
python frida-jdwp-loader.py frida -n com.example.myapplication -i script -l script.js

Vidokezo

• Modes: spawn (break at Application.onCreate) or attach (break at Activity.onStart). Tumia -b kuweka Java method maalum, -g kuchagua Gadget version/path, -p kuchagua JDWP port.
• Hali ya kusikiliza: forward Gadget (default 127.0.0.1:27042) ikiwa inahitajika: adb forward tcp:27042 tcp:27042; kisha frida-ps -H 127.0.0.1:27042.
• Hii inatumia debugging ya JDWP. Hatari ni kusafirisha builds zinazoweza ku-debug au kufichua JDWP.

Agent iliyojitegemea + kuingiza Gadget (Frida 17+; inafanywa kiotomatiki na Objection)

Frida 17 imeondoa madaraja ya Java/ObjC yaliyokuwa yaliyojengwa ndani ya GumJS. Ikiwa agent yako ina-hook Java, lazima ujumuishe daraja la Java ndani ya bundle yako.

1. Unda Frida agent (TypeScript) na ujumuishe daraja la Java

# Scaffolding
frida-create -t agent -o mod
cd mod && npm install
# Install the Java bridge for Frida 17+
npm install frida-java-bridge
# Dev loop (optional live-reload via REPL)
npm run watch

Hook ya Java ndogo kabisa (inalazimisha mapigio ya nundu kuwa 1):

import Java from "frida-java-bridge";

Java.perform(function () {
var dicer = Java.use("org.secuso.privacyfriendlydicer.dicer.Dicer");
dicer.rollDice.implementation = function (numDice: number, numFaces: number) {
return Array(numDice).fill(1);
};
});

Jenga kifurushi kimoja cha kuingizwa:

npm run build    # produces _agent.js via frida-compile

Jaribio la USB la haraka (hiari):

frida -U -f org.secuso.privacyfriendlydicer -l _agent.js

2. Sanidi Gadget ili ipakie script yako kiotomatiki Objection’s patcher inatarajia Gadget config; unapotumia script mode, taja njia kwenye diski ndani ya APK lib dir:

{
"interaction": {
"type": "script",
"path": "libfrida-gadget.script.so"
}
}

3. Automatisha APK patching kwa kutumia Objection

# Embed Gadget, config, and your compiled agent into the APK; rebuild and sign
objection patchapk -s org.secuso.privacyfriendlydicer.apk \
-c gadget-config.json \
-l mod/_agent.js \
--use-aapt2

Kile patchapk kinachofanya (kwa ujumla):

• Hutambua ABI ya kifaa (mfano, arm64-v8a) na hupakua Gadget inayofaa
• Kwa hiari huongeza android.permission.INTERNET inapohitajika
• Huinjiza initializer wa darasa usiobadilika unaoitisha System.loadLibrary(“frida-gadget”) kwenye activity ya uzinduzi
• Inaweka yafuatayo chini ya lib/<abi>/:
• libfrida-gadget.so
• libfrida-gadget.config.so (config iliyoseriwaliwa)
• libfrida-gadget.script.so (_agent.js yako)

Mfano wa smali iliyoinjeka (initializer wa darasa usiobadilika):

.method static constructor <clinit>()V
.locals 1
const-string v0, "frida-gadget"
invoke-static {v0}, Ljava/lang/System;->loadLibrary(Ljava/lang/String;)V
return-void
.end method

4. Thibitisha repack

apktool d org.secuso.privacyfriendlydicer.apk
apktool d org.secuso.privacyfriendlydicer.objection.apk
# Inspect differences
diff -r org.secuso.privacyfriendlydicer org.secuso.privacyfriendlydicer.objection

Mabadiliko yanayotarajiwa:

• AndroidManifest.xml inaweza kujumuisha <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
• Native libs mpya chini ya lib/<abi>/ kama ilivyo hapo juu
• Smali ya activity inayoweza kuzinduliwa ina static <clinit> inayoitisha System.loadLibrary(“frida-gadget”)

5. Split APKs

• Patch the base APK (ile inayotangaza MAIN/LAUNCHER activity)
• Re-sign splits zilizobaki kwa key ile ile:

objection signapk split1.apk split2.apk ...

• Sakinisha splits pamoja:

adb install-multiple split1.apk split2.apk ...

• Kwa ajili ya usambazaji, unaweza kuunganisha splits kuwa APK moja kwa kutumia APKEditor, kisha align/sign

Kuondoa FLAG_SECURE during dynamic analysis

Apps ambazo zinaita getWindow().setFlags(LayoutParams.FLAG_SECURE, LayoutParams.FLAG_SECURE) huzuia screenshots, remote displays na hata Android recent-task snapshots. Wakati Freedom Chat ilitekeleza bendera hii, njia pekee ya kurekodi leaks ilikuwa kuingilia window wakati wa runtime. Mfano thabiti ni:

• Hook kila overload ya Window ambayo inaweza re-apply the flag (setFlags, addFlags, setAttributes) na mask out bit 0x00002000 (WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_SECURE).
• Baada ya kila activity ku-resume, panga wito kwenye UI-thread wa clearFlags(FLAG_SECURE) ili Dialogs/Fragments zinazoundwa baadaye zirithi hali iliyofunguliwa.
• Apps zilojengwa na React Native / Flutter mara nyingi huunda nested windows; hook android.app.Dialog/android.view.View helpers au tazama getWindow().peekDecorView() ikiwa bado unaona black frames.

</details>

Endesha script with `frida -U -f <package> -l disable-flag-secure.js --no-pause`, ingiliana na UI, na screenshots/recordings zitatumika tena. Kwa sababu kila kitu kinatokea kwenye UI thread hakuna kupepeta, na bado unaweza kuunganisha hook na HTTP Toolkit/Burp ili kunasa trafiki iliyofichua `/channel` PIN leak.

## Dynamic DEX dumping / unpacking na clsdumper (Frida)

`clsdumper` ni Frida-based dynamic **DEX/class dumper** ambayo inaishi kwenye hardened apps kwa kuchanganya anti-Frida pre-stage na mikakati ya ugunduzi ya native na Java (inafanya kazi hata kama `Java.perform()` inakufa). Mahitaji: Python 3.10+, kifaa kilicho root na `frida-server` ikiendesha, USB au muunganisho wa TCP wa `--host`.

**Sakinisha & matumizi ya haraka**
```bash
pip install clsdumper
# Attach to a running app
clsdumper com.example.app
# Spawn first (hooks before early loaders)
clsdumper com.example.app --spawn
# Select strategies
clsdumper com.example.app --strategies fart_dump,oat_extract

dump_<target>/
dex/classes_001.dex ...
classes/                 # only when --extract-classes
metadata.json            # strategy per hit + hashes

frida-ps -U

#Basic frida hooking
frida -l disableRoot.js -f owasp.mstg.uncrackable1

#Hooking before starting the app
frida -U --no-pause -l disableRoot.js -f owasp.mstg.uncrackable1
#The --no-pause and -f options allow the app to be spawned automatically,
#frozen so that the instrumentation can occur, and the automatically
#continue execution with our modified code.

import frida, sys

jscode = open(sys.argv[0]).read()
process = frida.get_usb_device().attach('infosecadventures.fridademo')
script = process.create_script(jscode)
print('[ * ] Running Frida Demo application')
script.load()
sys.stdin.read()

Java.perform(function () {
rootcheck1.a.overload().implementation = function () {
return false;
};
});

var sysexit = Java.use("java.lang.System")
sysexit.exit.overload("int").implementation = function (var_0) {
send("java.lang.System.exit(I)V  // We avoid exiting the application  :)")
}

var mainactivity = Java.use("sg.vantagepoint.uncrackable1.MainActivity")
mainactivity.onStart.overload().implementation = function () {
send("MainActivity.onStart() HIT!!!")
var ret = this.onStart.overload().call(this)
}
mainactivity.onCreate.overload("android.os.Bundle").implementation = function (
var_0
) {
send("MainActivity.onCreate() HIT!!!")
var ret = this.onCreate.overload("android.os.Bundle").call(this, var_0)
}

var activity = Java.use("android.app.Activity")
activity.onCreate.overload("android.os.Bundle").implementation = function (
var_0
) {
send("Activity HIT!!!")
var ret = this.onCreate.overload("android.os.Bundle").call(this, var_0)
}

</details>

### Hooking functions na kuziita na pembejeo zetu

Hook a function ambayo inapokea string na kuiita kwa string nyingine (from [here](https://11x256.github.io/Frida-hooking-android-part-2/))
```javascript
var string_class = Java.use("java.lang.String") // get a JS wrapper for java's String class

my_class.fun.overload("java.lang.String").implementation = function (x) {
//hooking the new function
var my_string = string_class.$new("My TeSt String#####") //creating a new String by using `new` operator
console.log("Original arg: " + x)
var ret = this.fun(my_string) // calling the original function with the new String, and putting its return value in ret variable
console.log("Return value: " + ret)
return ret
}

Java.choose("com.example.a11x256.frida_test.my_activity", {
onMatch: function (instance) {
//This function will be called for every instance found by frida
console.log("Found instance: " + instance)
console.log("Result of secret func: " + instance.secret())
},
onComplete: function () {},
})